What is a critical distinction between shallow and deep underwater bursts?

Shallow underwater bursts generate significant surface disturbances, leading to the creation of larger waves. This phenomenon occurs because the explosion takes place relatively close to the water's surface, resulting in a strong interaction with the water body. The shockwave and the energy released cause a rapid displacement of water, creating substantial waves that can impact nearby areas. In contrast, deep underwater bursts occur at greater depths, resulting in different behavior. These explosions create less surface disturbance and smaller waves, as much of the energy is absorbed or contained within the water column rather than transferred to the surface.

Understanding this distinction is crucial in various contexts, particularly in military strategy and environmental impact assessments, as the effects of underwater explosions can vary significantly based on their depth.